Innovation involves deliberate application of information, imagination and initiative in deriving greater or different values from resources, and includes all processes by which new ideas are generated and converted into useful services or products.

When employees feel that they have a say in decisions that affect them and they know that management is listening to their ideas for removing obstacles to change they become increasingly motivated.

The best change programmes reinforce core messages through regular, timely advice that is both inspirational and actionable.

Articulating a formal case for change and creating a written vision statement.

Explicitly address culture and attack the cultural centre.

Change starts at the top and begins on day one.

Change is inherently unsettling for people at all levels of an organisation.

No change programme has gone completely according to plan.

Organisations often make the mistake of assessing culture either too late or not at all.

Change is a personal journey as well as an institutional one.